Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 13, 2023 National HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (87 - 13)
Dec. 12, 2023 National HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 15)
Dec. 6, 2023 National HR 815 A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to make certain improvements relating to the eligibility of veterans to receive reimbursement for emergency treatment furnished through the Veterans Community Care program, and for other purposes (RELIEVE Act) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 51)
Nov. 15, 2023 National S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
Nov. 15, 2023 National S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
Nov. 14, 2023 National HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Tabled - Senate (51 - 48)
Nov. 8, 2023 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
Nov. 8, 2023 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
Nov. 1, 2023 National HR 4366 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
Oct. 19, 2023 National S Res 417 A resolution standing with Israel against terrorism Resolution Passed - Senate (97 - 0)
Oct. 18, 2023 National S J Res 32 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Small Business Lending Under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (Regulation B)". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 44)
Sept. 26, 2023 National HR 3935 Securing Growth and Robust Leadership in American Aviation Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (77 - 19)
July 27, 2023 National S 2226 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)
June 21, 2023 National S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 50)
June 1, 2023 National H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
June 1, 2023 National H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
May 3, 2023 National H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
April 26, 2023 National S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
March 29, 2023 National H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (68 - 23)
March 29, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
March 16, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
March 1, 2023 National H J Res 30 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/13 HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (87 - 13)
12/12 HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 15)
12/06 HR 815 A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to make certain improvements relating to the eligibility of veterans to receive reimbursement for emergency treatment furnished through the Veterans Community Care program, and for other purposes (RELIEVE Act) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 51)
11/15 S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
11/15 S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
11/14 HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Tabled - Senate (51 - 48)
11/08 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
11/08 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
11/01 HR 4366 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
10/19 S Res 417 A resolution standing with Israel against terrorism Resolution Passed - Senate (97 - 0)
10/18 S J Res 32 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Small Business Lending Under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (Regulation B)". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 44)
9/26 HR 3935 Securing Growth and Robust Leadership in American Aviation Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (77 - 19)
7/27 S 2226 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)
6/21 S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 50)
6/01 H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
6/01 H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
5/03 H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
4/26 S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
3/29 H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (68 - 23)
3/29 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
3/16 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
3/01 H J Res 30 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)

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