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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

results per page:
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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 18, 2024 National S 4367 Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (97 - 1)
Dec. 12, 2024 National PN 1980 Nomination of Matthew James Marzano, of Illinois, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the term of five years expiring June 30, 2028 Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
Oct. 11, 2024 CA AB 1 Amends Turnaround and Maintenance Costs Related to Transportation Fuels and Inventories Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
Sept. 26, 2024 MI SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Sept. 26, 2024 MI SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
Aug. 20, 2024 CA AB 1827 Establishes the Low-Water User Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
July 11, 2024 PA SB 656 Amends and Restructures Taxes for Electric Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
July 11, 2024 PA HB 1889 Amends and Reforms Electronic Billing Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
June 26, 2024 NC HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
June 26, 2024 MI SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 25, 2024 MA S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
June 20, 2024 MI HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 17, 2024 VT H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
June 12, 2024 RI S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
June 12, 2024 RI S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
May 24, 2024 IL SB 3686 Requires Battery Producers and Importers Implement an Illinois EPA-Approved Battery Stewardship Plan Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 14)
May 24, 2024 IL SB 3481 Requires Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Facilities Register with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 15)
May 24, 2024 IL HB 2363 Prohibits the Sale of Certain Fluorescent Lamps Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 19)
May 21, 2024 LA HB 937 Specifies that Landowners Cannot be Held Liable for Any Actions Related to CCS Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
May 21, 2024 National S J Res 58 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Furnaces". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 45)
May 15, 2024 AK HB 50 Establishes the Carbon Storage Closure Trust Fund and the Carbon Dioxide Storage Facility Administrative Fund Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 2)
May 15, 2024 AK HB 307 Amends and Modernizes Energy Availability and Delivery Systems in the State Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 2)
May 8, 2024 SC H 5118 Requires Privatization of the Dominion Energy Company Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 2)
May 8, 2024 CT HB 5507 Amends Certain Proceedings Relating to Electric Transmission Lines Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
May 6, 2024 MN SF 4942 Increases Timeline Schedule for State Clean Energy Transition Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 30)
May 1, 2024 PA SB 832 Authorizes Energy Companies to Bypass State Agencies when Applying for a Permit to Build Amendment Adopted - Senate (28 - 22)
April 25, 2024 MA S 2738 Prohibits Electric Suppliers from Enrolling New Individual Residential Customers in Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 4)
April 12, 2024 KY SB 349 Establishes and Creates a Fossil Fuel State Commission Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 11)
April 12, 2024 KY SB 349 Establishes and Creates a Fossil Fuel State Commission Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 11)
April 10, 2024 National S J Res 61 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "National Performance Management Measures; Assessing Performance of the National Highway System, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measure". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 47)
April 9, 2024 PA SB 831 Appropriates Funding for State Carbon Capture Projects Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
April 3, 2024 KS SB 455 Prohibits Public Utilities from Exercising Eminent Domain for the Siting or Placement of Solar Generation Facilities Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 0)
March 27, 2024 AZ HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 8, 2024 WY SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
March 7, 2024 OR HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
March 6, 2024 SD HB 1186 Prohibits Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Easement Agreements from Exceeding 50 Years Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 10)
March 6, 2024 SD SB 201 Amends State Regulations on Pipeline Transmission Infrastructure Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 10)
March 5, 2024 WA SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
March 5, 2024 OR HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 4, 2024 SD SB 1200 Increases Minimum Fee Required for an Application to Build New Power Transmission Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 2)
March 4, 2024 SD HB 1186 Prohibits Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Easement Agreements from Exceeding 50 Years Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
March 1, 2024 WA HB 1368 Appropriates $80 Million from the Climate Commitment Act for Electric School Bus Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Feb. 29, 2024 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 47)
Feb. 29, 2024 FL SB 1084 Prohibits the Regulation of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in the State Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT HB 48 Amends the Utah Energy Act Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
Feb. 22, 2024 UT HB 374 Amends Various State Energy Policies Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
Feb. 21, 2024 OR SB 1581 Requires Electric Companies to Report Each Year on the Steps Being Taken to be Part of an Energy Market (24 - 6)
Feb. 20, 2024 WI SB 613 Limits Non-Economic Damage Awarded in Lawsuits Involving Commercial Vehicle Accidents to $1 Million Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
Feb. 20, 2024 OK SB 1510 Expands Enforcement of the Energy Discrimination Elimination Act of 2022 to Agriculture, Timber, and Mining Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 1)
Feb. 16, 2024 UT HB 191 Amends Various State Energy Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 4)
Feb. 14, 2024 NM HB 211 Authorizes and Prioritizes Certain Water Projects in the State Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 5)
Jan. 16, 2024 WI SB 791 Establishes Exemptions from Public Utility Regulations for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
Jan. 16, 2024 WI SB 792 Establishes a Network of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Across the State of Wisconsin Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/18 S 4367 Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (97 - 1)
12/12 PN 1980 Nomination of Matthew James Marzano, of Illinois, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the term of five years expiring June 30, 2028 Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
12/11 HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
10/11 AB 1 Amends Turnaround and Maintenance Costs Related to Transportation Fuels and Inventories Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
9/26 SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
9/26 SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
8/30 SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
8/20 AB 1827 Establishes the Low-Water User Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
7/11 SB 656 Amends and Restructures Taxes for Electric Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
7/11 HB 1889 Amends and Reforms Electronic Billing Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
6/26 HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
6/26 SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/25 S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
6/20 HB 5028 Prohibits Homeowners Associations From Banning Energy-Saving Improvements or Solar Energy Systems Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/17 H 289 Establishes a Renewable Energy Standard Veto Override Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
6/12 S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
6/12 S 2952 Establishes the Decarbonization Act of 2024 to Promote and Develop Benchmark Standards of Energy Performance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
5/24 SB 3686 Requires Battery Producers and Importers Implement an Illinois EPA-Approved Battery Stewardship Plan Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 14)
5/24 SB 3481 Requires Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Facilities Register with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 15)
5/24 HB 2363 Prohibits the Sale of Certain Fluorescent Lamps Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 19)
5/21 HB 937 Specifies that Landowners Cannot be Held Liable for Any Actions Related to CCS Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
5/21 S J Res 58 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Furnaces". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 45)
5/15 HB 50 Establishes the Carbon Storage Closure Trust Fund and the Carbon Dioxide Storage Facility Administrative Fund Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (17 - 2)
5/15 HB 307 Amends and Modernizes Energy Availability and Delivery Systems in the State Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 2)
5/08 H 5118 Requires Privatization of the Dominion Energy Company Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 2)
5/08 HB 5507 Amends Certain Proceedings Relating to Electric Transmission Lines Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 2)
5/06 SF 4942 Increases Timeline Schedule for State Clean Energy Transition Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 30)
5/01 SB 832 Authorizes Energy Companies to Bypass State Agencies when Applying for a Permit to Build Amendment Adopted - Senate (28 - 22)
4/25 S 2738 Prohibits Electric Suppliers from Enrolling New Individual Residential Customers in Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 4)
4/12 SB 349 Establishes and Creates a Fossil Fuel State Commission Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 11)
4/12 SB 349 Establishes and Creates a Fossil Fuel State Commission Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 11)
4/10 S J Res 61 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "National Performance Management Measures; Assessing Performance of the National Highway System, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measure". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 47)
4/09 SB 831 Appropriates Funding for State Carbon Capture Projects Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
4/03 SB 455 Prohibits Public Utilities from Exercising Eminent Domain for the Siting or Placement of Solar Generation Facilities Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 0)
3/27 HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/08 SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
3/07 HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
3/06 HB 1186 Prohibits Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Easement Agreements from Exceeding 50 Years Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 10)
3/06 SB 201 Amends State Regulations on Pipeline Transmission Infrastructure Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 10)
3/05 SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
3/05 HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/04 SB 1200 Increases Minimum Fee Required for an Application to Build New Power Transmission Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 2)
3/04 HB 1186 Prohibits Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Easement Agreements from Exceeding 50 Years Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
3/01 HB 1368 Appropriates $80 Million from the Climate Commitment Act for Electric School Bus Purchases Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
2/29 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 47)
2/29 SB 1084 Prohibits the Regulation of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in the State Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
2/27 HB 48 Amends the Utah Energy Act Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
2/22 HB 374 Amends Various State Energy Policies Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
2/21 SB 1581 Requires Electric Companies to Report Each Year on the Steps Being Taken to be Part of an Energy Market (24 - 6)
2/20 SB 613 Limits Non-Economic Damage Awarded in Lawsuits Involving Commercial Vehicle Accidents to $1 Million Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
2/20 SB 1510 Expands Enforcement of the Energy Discrimination Elimination Act of 2022 to Agriculture, Timber, and Mining Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 1)
2/16 HB 191 Amends Various State Energy Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 4)
2/14 HB 211 Authorizes and Prioritizes Certain Water Projects in the State Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 5)
1/16 SB 791 Establishes Exemptions from Public Utility Regulations for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
1/16 SB 792 Establishes a Network of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Across the State of Wisconsin Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
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