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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

results per page:
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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 12, 2023 National HR 4531 Support for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act Bill Passed - House (386 - 37)
Dec. 12, 2023 National HR 357 Ensuring Accountability in Agency Rulemaking Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
Dec. 11, 2023 National HR 5378 Lower Costs, More Transparency Act Bill Passed - House (320 - 71)
Dec. 7, 2023 National H J Res 88 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Joint Resolution Passed - House (210 - 189)
Dec. 6, 2023 National HR 815 A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to make certain improvements relating to the eligibility of veterans to receive reimbursement for emergency treatment furnished through the Veterans Community Care program, and for other purposes (RELIEVE Act) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 51)
Dec. 6, 2023 National HR 5933 DETERRENT Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 170)
Dec. 5, 2023 National H Res 894 Strongly condemning and denouncing the drastic rise of antisemitism in the United States and around the world. Resolution Passed - House (311 - 14)
Dec. 5, 2023 National HR 1547 One Seat Ride Act Bill Passed - House (356 - 61)
Nov. 30, 2023 National HR 5283 Protecting our Communities from Failure to Secure the Border Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 203)
Nov. 28, 2023 National H Res 793 Calling on Hamas to immediately release hostages taken during October 2023 attack on Israel. Resolution Passed - House (414 - 0)
Nov. 28, 2023 National H Res 888 Reaffirming the State of Israel's right to exist. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 1)
Nov. 15, 2023 National S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
Nov. 14, 2023 National HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Tabled - Senate (51 - 48)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
Nov. 3, 2023 National HR 3774 Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum (SHIP) Act Bill Passed - House (342 - 69)
Nov. 2, 2023 National HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (226 - 196)
Nov. 1, 2023 National H Res 559 Declaring it is the policy of the United States that a nuclear Islamic Republic of Iran is not acceptable. Resolution Passed - House (354 - 53)
Nov. 1, 2023 National HR 340 Hamas International Financing Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (363 - 46)
Oct. 19, 2023 National S Res 417 A resolution standing with Israel against terrorism Resolution Passed - Senate (97 - 0)
Sept. 30, 2023 National HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - Senate (88 - 9)
Sept. 30, 2023 National HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 91)
Sept. 29, 2023 National HR 5525 Continuing Appropriations and Border Security Enhancement Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (198 - 232)
Sept. 28, 2023 National HR 4665 Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (216 - 212)
July 19, 2023 National HR 3941 Schools Not Shelters Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
July 19, 2023 National HR 3941 Schools Not Shelters Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
July 18, 2023 National H Con Res 57 Expressing the sense of Congress supporting the State of Israel Joint Resolution Passed - House (412 - 9)
June 22, 2023 National H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
June 22, 2023 National H Res 461 Condemning the use of elementary and secondary school facilities to provide shelter for aliens who are not admitted to the United States. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 201)
June 21, 2023 National HR 3799 CHOICE Arrangement Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 209)
June 14, 2023 National HR 277 Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
June 13, 2023 National H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 210)
June 1, 2023 National HR 3746 Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (63 - 36)
June 1, 2023 National H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
May 31, 2023 National HR 3746 Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (314 - 117)
May 25, 2023 National HR 467 HALT Fentanyl Act Bill Passed - House (289 - 133)
May 24, 2023 National H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - House (218 - 203)
May 18, 2023 National H Con Res 40 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers and condemning efforts to defund or dismantle local law enforcement agencies Joint Resolution Passed - House (301 - 119)
May 17, 2023 National HR 2494 POLICE Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (255 - 175)
May 17, 2023 National HR 2494 POLICE Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (255 - 175)
May 17, 2023 National HR 3091 Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act Bill Passed - House (232 - 198)
May 16, 2023 National H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
May 11, 2023 National HR 2 Secure the Border Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
May 3, 2023 National H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
April 28, 2023 National H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
April 20, 2023 National HR 734 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (219 - 203)
April 19, 2023 National H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 189)
March 29, 2023 National H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (68 - 23)
March 29, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
March 24, 2023 National HR 5 Parents Bill of Rights Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 208)
March 16, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
March 10, 2023 National S 619 COVID-19 Origin Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (419 - 0)
March 8, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
March 1, 2023 National HR 347 Reduce Exacerbated Inflation Negatively Impacting the Nation Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 148)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
Feb. 8, 2023 National HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
Feb. 8, 2023 National HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
Feb. 2, 2023 National H Con Res 9 Denouncing the horrors of socialism. Joint Resolution Passed - House (328 - 86)
Feb. 1, 2023 National H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 197)
Jan. 31, 2023 National HR 382 Pandemic is Over Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 210)
Jan. 31, 2023 National HR 497 Freedom for Health Care Workers Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 203)
Jan. 11, 2023 National H Con Res 3 Expressing the sense of Congress condemning the recent attacks on pro-life facilities, groups, and churches Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 209)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
Jan. 9, 2023 National HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/12 HR 4531 Support for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act Bill Passed - House (386 - 37)
12/12 HR 357 Ensuring Accountability in Agency Rulemaking Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
12/11 HR 5378 Lower Costs, More Transparency Act Bill Passed - House (320 - 71)
12/07 H J Res 88 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Joint Resolution Passed - House (210 - 189)
12/06 HR 815 A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to make certain improvements relating to the eligibility of veterans to receive reimbursement for emergency treatment furnished through the Veterans Community Care program, and for other purposes (RELIEVE Act) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 51)
12/06 HR 5933 DETERRENT Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 170)
12/05 H Res 894 Strongly condemning and denouncing the drastic rise of antisemitism in the United States and around the world. Resolution Passed - House (311 - 14)
12/05 HR 1547 One Seat Ride Act Bill Passed - House (356 - 61)
11/30 HR 5283 Protecting our Communities from Failure to Secure the Border Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 203)
11/28 H Res 793 Calling on Hamas to immediately release hostages taken during October 2023 attack on Israel. Resolution Passed - House (414 - 0)
11/28 H Res 888 Reaffirming the State of Israel's right to exist. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 1)
11/15 S J Res 43 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program". Bill Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
11/14 HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Tabled - Senate (51 - 48)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
11/03 HR 3774 Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum (SHIP) Act Bill Passed - House (342 - 69)
11/02 HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (226 - 196)
11/01 H Res 559 Declaring it is the policy of the United States that a nuclear Islamic Republic of Iran is not acceptable. Resolution Passed - House (354 - 53)
11/01 HR 340 Hamas International Financing Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (363 - 46)
10/19 S Res 417 A resolution standing with Israel against terrorism Resolution Passed - Senate (97 - 0)
9/30 HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - Senate (88 - 9)
9/30 HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 91)
9/29 HR 5525 Continuing Appropriations and Border Security Enhancement Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (198 - 232)
9/28 HR 4665 Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (216 - 212)
7/19 HR 3941 Schools Not Shelters Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
7/19 HR 3941 Schools Not Shelters Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
7/18 H Con Res 57 Expressing the sense of Congress supporting the State of Israel Joint Resolution Passed - House (412 - 9)
6/22 H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (49 - 50)
6/22 H Res 461 Condemning the use of elementary and secondary school facilities to provide shelter for aliens who are not admitted to the United States. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 201)
6/21 HR 3799 CHOICE Arrangement Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 209)
6/14 HR 277 Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
6/13 H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 210)
6/01 HR 3746 Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (63 - 36)
6/01 H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
5/31 HR 3746 Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (314 - 117)
5/25 HR 467 HALT Fentanyl Act Bill Passed - House (289 - 133)
5/24 H J Res 45 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Waivers and Modifications of Federal Student Loans". Joint Resolution Passed - House (218 - 203)
5/18 H Con Res 40 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers and condemning efforts to defund or dismantle local law enforcement agencies Joint Resolution Passed - House (301 - 119)
5/17 HR 2494 POLICE Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (255 - 175)
5/17 HR 2494 POLICE Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (255 - 175)
5/17 HR 3091 Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act Bill Passed - House (232 - 198)
5/16 H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
5/11 HR 2 Secure the Border Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
5/03 H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
4/28 H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
4/20 HR 734 Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (219 - 203)
4/19 H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 189)
3/29 H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (68 - 23)
3/29 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
3/24 HR 5 Parents Bill of Rights Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 208)
3/16 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
3/10 S 619 COVID-19 Origin Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (419 - 0)
3/08 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
3/01 HR 347 Reduce Exacerbated Inflation Negatively Impacting the Nation Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 148)
2/09 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
2/08 HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
2/08 HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
2/02 H Con Res 9 Denouncing the horrors of socialism. Joint Resolution Passed - House (328 - 86)
2/01 H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 197)
1/31 HR 382 Pandemic is Over Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 210)
1/31 HR 497 Freedom for Health Care Workers Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 203)
1/11 H Con Res 3 Expressing the sense of Congress condemning the recent attacks on pro-life facilities, groups, and churches Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 209)
1/10 H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
1/09 HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
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