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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Aug. 8, 2026 National HR 6500 Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2027 (90 - 6)
Aug. 3, 2026 National HR 6500 African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Extension Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (89 - 4)
July 21, 2026 National PN 851-8 Nomination of Kara Marie Westercamp, of Virginia, to be a Judge of the United States Court of International Trade, vice Stephen A. Vaden, resigned Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 48)
July 16, 2026 National PN 851-8 Nomination of Kara Marie Westercamp, of Virginia, to be a Judge of the United States Court of International Trade, vice Stephen A. Vaden, resigned Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 48)
Oct. 30, 2025 National S J Res 88 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 47)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 77 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
Aug. 2, 2025 National PN 26-39 Nomination of Andrew Puzder to be Representative of the United States to the European Union (EU) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
Aug. 2, 2025 National PN 12-26 Nomination of Luke Lindberg to be Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (78 - 17)
Aug. 2, 2025 National PN 26-2 Nomination of John Arrigo to be Ambassador to Portugal Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 42)
Aug. 2, 2025 National PN 26-39 Nomination of Andrew Puzder to be Representative of the United States to the European Union (EU) Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 41)
Aug. 2, 2025 National PN 12-26 Nomination of Luke Lindberg to be Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs Cloture Invoked - Senate (76 - 19)
July 29, 2025 National PN 22-13 Nomination of William Kimmitt to be Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
July 29, 2025 National PN 22-13 Nomination of William Kimmitt to be Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
April 30, 2025 National S J Res 49 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 49)
April 29, 2025 National PN 26-3 Nomination of Thomas Barrack to be Ambassador to the Republic of Turkey Nomination Confirmed - Senate (60 - 36)
April 29, 2025 National PN 54-5 Nomination of David Perdue to be Ambassador to the People's Republic of China Nomination Confirmed - Senate (67 - 29)
April 29, 2025 National PN 24-5 Nomination of Warren Stephens to be Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 39)
April 29, 2025 National PN 24-5 Nomination of Warren Stephens to be Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 39)
April 29, 2025 National PN 26-3 Nomination of Thomas Barrack to be Ambassador to the Republic of Turkey Cloture Invoked - Senate (62 - 36)
April 28, 2025 National PN 54-5 Nomination of David Perdue to be Ambassador to the People's Republic of China Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 27)
April 10, 2025 National PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
April 10, 2025 National PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
April 2, 2025 National S J Res 37 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
Feb. 26, 2025 National PN 11-17 Nomination of Jamieson Greer to be U.S. Trade Representative Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
March 21, 2024 National S J Res 62 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service relating to "Importation of Fresh Beef From Paraguay". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (70 - 25)
June 8, 2021 National S 1260 United States Innovation and Competition Act of 2021 Bill Passed - Senate (68 - 32)
March 2, 2021 National PN 78-15 Nomination of Gina Raimondo as Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (84 - 15)
Jan. 16, 2020 National HR 5430 United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act Bill Passed - Senate (89 - 10)
May 11, 2017 National PN 42 Nomination of Robert Lighthizer to be a United States Trade Representative (82 - 14)
May 11, 2017 National PN 42 Nomination of Robert Lighthizer to be a United States Trade Representative Cloture Invoked - Senate (81 - 15)
May 12, 2015 National HR 1314 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
March 23, 2013 National S Amdt 139 Prohibits the United States From Entering into the United Nations Arms Trade Treaty Amendment Adopted - Senate (53 - 46)
May 24, 2012 National S Amdt 2107 Authorizes Import of FDA-Approved Drugs from Canada Amendment Rejected - Senate (43 - 54)
May 15, 2012 National HR 2072 Export-Import Bank Reauthorization Act of 2012 Bill Passed - Senate (78 - 20)
March 20, 2012 National S Amdt 1836 Reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank of the United States Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (55 - 44)
Oct. 20, 2011 National S Amdt 769 Authorizes Individuals to Import FDA-Approved Drugs from Canada Amendment Rejected - Senate (45 - 55)
Oct. 18, 2011 National S Amdt 740 Repeals Funding for Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms Amendment Rejected - Senate (44 - 55)
Oct. 12, 2011 National HR 3078 Trade Promotion Agreement with Colombia Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 33)
Oct. 12, 2011 National HR 3079 Trade Promotion Agreement with Panama Bill Passed - Senate (77 - 22)
Oct. 12, 2011 National HR 3080 Free Trade Agreement with Korea Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 15)
Oct. 11, 2011 National S 1619 Currency Exchange Rate Oversight Act of 2011 Bill Passed - Senate (63 - 35)
Sept. 22, 2011 National S Amdt 633 Extends Trade Adjustment Assistance Amendment Adopted - Senate (69 - 28)
Sept. 21, 2011 National S Amdt 625 Reducing and Extending Trade Adjustment Assistance Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
Sept. 21, 2011 National S Amdt 642 Modifies Eligibility Requirements for Trade Adjustment Assistance Amendment Rejected - Senate (40 - 57)
Sept. 21, 2011 National S Amdt 641 Requires Extension of Trade Adjustment Assistance to be Contingent Upon Ratification of Free Trade Agreements with Columbia, Korea and Panama Amendment Rejected - Senate (44 - 54)
Sept. 21, 2011 National S Amdt 645 Repeals the Trade Adjustment Assistance Program for Firms Amendment Rejected - Senate (43 - 54)
Feb. 4, 2009 National S Amdt 279 Removing the Buy American Clause Amendment Rejected - Senate (31 - 65)
May 22, 2008 National HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Veto Override Passed - Senate (82 - 13)
Date No. Title Outcome
8/08 HR 6500 Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2027 (90 - 6)
8/03 HR 6500 African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Extension Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (89 - 4)
7/21 PN 851-8 Nomination of Kara Marie Westercamp, of Virginia, to be a Judge of the United States Court of International Trade, vice Stephen A. Vaden, resigned Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 48)
7/16 PN 851-8 Nomination of Kara Marie Westercamp, of Virginia, to be a Judge of the United States Court of International Trade, vice Stephen A. Vaden, resigned Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 48)
10/30 S J Res 88 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 47)
10/29 S J Res 77 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
8/02 PN 26-39 Nomination of Andrew Puzder to be Representative of the United States to the European Union (EU) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
8/02 PN 12-26 Nomination of Luke Lindberg to be Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (78 - 17)
8/02 PN 26-2 Nomination of John Arrigo to be Ambassador to Portugal Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 42)
8/02 PN 26-39 Nomination of Andrew Puzder to be Representative of the United States to the European Union (EU) Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 41)
8/02 PN 12-26 Nomination of Luke Lindberg to be Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs Cloture Invoked - Senate (76 - 19)
7/29 PN 22-13 Nomination of William Kimmitt to be Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
7/29 PN 22-13 Nomination of William Kimmitt to be Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
4/30 S J Res 49 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 49)
4/29 PN 26-3 Nomination of Thomas Barrack to be Ambassador to the Republic of Turkey Nomination Confirmed - Senate (60 - 36)
4/29 PN 54-5 Nomination of David Perdue to be Ambassador to the People's Republic of China Nomination Confirmed - Senate (67 - 29)
4/29 PN 24-5 Nomination of Warren Stephens to be Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 39)
4/29 PN 24-5 Nomination of Warren Stephens to be Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 39)
4/29 PN 26-3 Nomination of Thomas Barrack to be Ambassador to the Republic of Turkey Cloture Invoked - Senate (62 - 36)
4/28 PN 54-5 Nomination of David Perdue to be Ambassador to the People's Republic of China Cloture Invoked - Senate (64 - 27)
4/10 PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
4/10 PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
4/02 S J Res 37 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
2/26 PN 11-17 Nomination of Jamieson Greer to be U.S. Trade Representative Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
3/21 S J Res 62 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service relating to "Importation of Fresh Beef From Paraguay". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (70 - 25)
6/08 S 1260 United States Innovation and Competition Act of 2021 Bill Passed - Senate (68 - 32)
3/02 PN 78-15 Nomination of Gina Raimondo as Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (84 - 15)
1/16 HR 5430 United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act Bill Passed - Senate (89 - 10)
5/11 PN 42 Nomination of Robert Lighthizer to be a United States Trade Representative (82 - 14)
5/11 PN 42 Nomination of Robert Lighthizer to be a United States Trade Representative Cloture Invoked - Senate (81 - 15)
5/12 HR 1314 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
3/23 S Amdt 139 Prohibits the United States From Entering into the United Nations Arms Trade Treaty Amendment Adopted - Senate (53 - 46)
5/24 S Amdt 2107 Authorizes Import of FDA-Approved Drugs from Canada Amendment Rejected - Senate (43 - 54)
5/15 HR 2072 Export-Import Bank Reauthorization Act of 2012 Bill Passed - Senate (78 - 20)
3/20 S Amdt 1836 Reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank of the United States Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (55 - 44)
10/20 S Amdt 769 Authorizes Individuals to Import FDA-Approved Drugs from Canada Amendment Rejected - Senate (45 - 55)
10/18 S Amdt 740 Repeals Funding for Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms Amendment Rejected - Senate (44 - 55)
10/12 HR 3078 Trade Promotion Agreement with Colombia Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 33)
10/12 HR 3079 Trade Promotion Agreement with Panama Bill Passed - Senate (77 - 22)
10/12 HR 3080 Free Trade Agreement with Korea Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 15)
10/11 S 1619 Currency Exchange Rate Oversight Act of 2011 Bill Passed - Senate (63 - 35)
9/22 S Amdt 633 Extends Trade Adjustment Assistance Amendment Adopted - Senate (69 - 28)
9/21 S Amdt 625 Reducing and Extending Trade Adjustment Assistance Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
9/21 S Amdt 642 Modifies Eligibility Requirements for Trade Adjustment Assistance Amendment Rejected - Senate (40 - 57)
9/21 S Amdt 641 Requires Extension of Trade Adjustment Assistance to be Contingent Upon Ratification of Free Trade Agreements with Columbia, Korea and Panama Amendment Rejected - Senate (44 - 54)
9/21 S Amdt 645 Repeals the Trade Adjustment Assistance Program for Firms Amendment Rejected - Senate (43 - 54)
2/04 S Amdt 279 Removing the Buy American Clause Amendment Rejected - Senate (31 - 65)
5/22 HR 2419 Farm, Nutrition, and Bioenergy Act of 2007 (Farm Bill) Veto Override Passed - Senate (82 - 13)
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