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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

results per page:
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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 19, 2025 National H Res 893 Censuring Representative Cory Mills of Florida and removing him from the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on Foreign Affairs Motion Agreed - House (310 - 103)
Nov. 19, 2025 National HR 4058 Enhancing Stakeholder Support and Outreach for Preparedness Grants Act Bill Passed - House (380 - 45)
Nov. 17, 2025 National HR 1608 Department of Homeland Security Vehicular Terrorism Prevention and Mitigation Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 15)
Nov. 17, 2025 National HR 2659 Strengthening Cyber Resilience Against State-Sponsored Threats Act Bill Passed - House (402 - 8)
Oct. 28, 2025 National S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
Oct. 21, 2025 NC SB 449 Expands Loan Program for Businesses Impacted by Hurricane Helene Conference Report Adopted - House (104 - 6)
Sept. 23, 2025 NC HB 358 Appropriates Funds for Disaster Relief and Extends Other Funds to Future Fiscal Years Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 4)
Sept. 9, 2025 National PN 129-10 Nomination of Robert Law to be Under Secretary for Strategy, Policy, and Plans, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 46)
Sept. 9, 2025 National PN 129-10 Nomination of Robert Law to be Under Secretary for Strategy, Policy, and Plans, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
July 31, 2025 National PN 26-25 Nomination of Matthew Kozma to be Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
July 30, 2025 National PN 26-25 Nomination of Matthew Kozma to be Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
July 23, 2025 National PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
July 17, 2025 National PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
June 10, 2025 National HR 2096 Protecting Our Nation's Capital Emergency Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 178)
June 3, 2025 National PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 36)
June 3, 2025 National PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 37)
May 31, 2025 IL HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 15)
May 29, 2025 IL HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 2)
May 24, 2025 TX SB 36 Establishes a Texas Homeland Security Division Bill Passed - House (83 - 36)
May 13, 2025 NY A 2123 Authorizes Additional Credits for the Children and Siblings of Deceased Sanitation Workers Related to the 9/11 Terror Attacks Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 0)
April 17, 2025 IA SF 619 Appropriates $13.6 Million from the Iowa Economic Emergency Fund for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (91 - 1)
April 10, 2025 TX SB 36 Establishes a Texas Homeland Security Division Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
April 1, 2025 National HR 1491 Disaster Related Extension of Deadlines Act Bill Passed - House (423 - 0)
March 31, 2025 National HR 517 Filing Relief for Natural Disasters Act Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
March 26, 2025 KS SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - House (98 - 24)
March 26, 2025 KS SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 1)
March 6, 2025 National PN 12-14 Nomination of Troy Edgar to be Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43)
March 6, 2025 National PN 12-14 Nomination of Troy Edgar to be Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
Feb. 26, 2025 National S J Res 10 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 52)
Feb. 25, 2025 National HR 804 Rural Small Business Resilience Act Bill Passed - House (415 - 8)
Feb. 25, 2025 NC HB 47 Appropriates $500 Million for Hurricane Helene Recovery Efforts Bill Passed - House (115 - 0)
Feb. 20, 2025 National PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 49)
Feb. 20, 2025 National PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
Feb. 18, 2025 National PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Motion Agreed - Senate (48 - 45)
Feb. 12, 2025 National PN 11-16 Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48)
Feb. 10, 2025 National PN 11-16 Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
Feb. 6, 2025 National PN 11-16 Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
Feb. 4, 2025 National PN 11-2 Nomination of Pamela Bondi to be Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 46)
Feb. 3, 2025 National PN 11-2 Nomination of Pamela Bondi to be Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
Jan. 25, 2025 National PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 34)
Jan. 24, 2025 National PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 39)
Jan. 14, 2025 National HR 153 Post-Disaster Assistance Online Accountability Act Bill Passed - House (426 - 0)
Jan. 13, 2025 National HR 152 Federal Disaster Assistance Coordination Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 5)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/19 H Res 893 Censuring Representative Cory Mills of Florida and removing him from the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on Foreign Affairs Motion Agreed - House (310 - 103)
11/19 HR 4058 Enhancing Stakeholder Support and Outreach for Preparedness Grants Act Bill Passed - House (380 - 45)
11/17 HR 1608 Department of Homeland Security Vehicular Terrorism Prevention and Mitigation Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 15)
11/17 HR 2659 Strengthening Cyber Resilience Against State-Sponsored Threats Act Bill Passed - House (402 - 8)
10/28 S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
10/21 SB 449 Expands Loan Program for Businesses Impacted by Hurricane Helene Conference Report Adopted - House (104 - 6)
9/23 HB 358 Appropriates Funds for Disaster Relief and Extends Other Funds to Future Fiscal Years Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 4)
9/09 PN 129-10 Nomination of Robert Law to be Under Secretary for Strategy, Policy, and Plans, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 46)
9/09 PN 129-10 Nomination of Robert Law to be Under Secretary for Strategy, Policy, and Plans, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
7/31 PN 26-25 Nomination of Matthew Kozma to be Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
7/30 PN 26-25 Nomination of Matthew Kozma to be Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
7/23 PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
7/17 PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
6/10 HR 2096 Protecting Our Nation's Capital Emergency Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 178)
6/03 PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 36)
6/03 PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 37)
5/31 HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 15)
5/29 HB 2987 Establishes the Warehouse Tornado Preparedness Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 2)
5/24 SB 36 Establishes a Texas Homeland Security Division Bill Passed - House (83 - 36)
5/13 A 2123 Authorizes Additional Credits for the Children and Siblings of Deceased Sanitation Workers Related to the 9/11 Terror Attacks Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 0)
4/17 SF 619 Appropriates $13.6 Million from the Iowa Economic Emergency Fund for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - House (91 - 1)
4/10 SB 36 Establishes a Texas Homeland Security Division Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 3)
4/01 HR 1491 Disaster Related Extension of Deadlines Act Bill Passed - House (423 - 0)
3/31 HR 517 Filing Relief for Natural Disasters Act Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
3/26 SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - House (98 - 24)
3/26 SB 9 Limits and Restricts Foreign Land Ownership Around Military Bases and Prohibits the Purchase of Drones Manufactured in Certain Countries Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 1)
3/06 PN 12-14 Nomination of Troy Edgar to be Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43)
3/06 PN 12-14 Nomination of Troy Edgar to be Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
2/26 S J Res 10 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared with respect to energy. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (47 - 52)
2/25 HR 804 Rural Small Business Resilience Act Bill Passed - House (415 - 8)
2/25 HB 47 Appropriates $500 Million for Hurricane Helene Recovery Efforts Bill Passed - House (115 - 0)
2/20 PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 49)
2/20 PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 47)
2/18 PN 12-35 Nomination of Kashyap Patel to be Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigations Motion Agreed - Senate (48 - 45)
2/12 PN 11-16 Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 48)
2/10 PN 11-16 Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
2/06 PN 11-16 Nomination of Tulsi Gabbard to be Director of National Intelligence Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
2/04 PN 11-2 Nomination of Pamela Bondi to be Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 46)
2/03 PN 11-2 Nomination of Pamela Bondi to be Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
1/25 PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 34)
1/24 PN 11-11 Nomination of Kristi Noem to be Secretary of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (61 - 39)
1/14 HR 153 Post-Disaster Assistance Online Accountability Act Bill Passed - House (426 - 0)
1/13 HR 152 Federal Disaster Assistance Coordination Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 5)
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