Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 18, 2025 National HR 4776 Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 196)
Dec. 18, 2025 National HR 845 Pet and Livestock Protection Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 204)
Dec. 18, 2025 National HR 1366 Mining Regulatory Clarity Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 198)
Dec. 17, 2025 National HR 3616 Reliable Power Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 203)
Dec. 16, 2025 National HR 3632 Power Plant Reliability Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (222 - 202)
Dec. 15, 2025 National HR 3187 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey a parcel of property of the Forest Service to Perry County, Arkansas, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
Dec. 12, 2025 National HR 3668 Improving Interagency Coordination for Pipeline Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 184)
Dec. 11, 2025 National HR 3628 State Planning for Reliability and Affordability Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 207)
Dec. 11, 2025 National HR 3638 Electric Supply Chain Act Bill Passed - House (267 - 159)
Dec. 11, 2025 National HR 3898 Promoting Efficient Review for Modern Infrastructure Today (PERMIT) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 205)
Dec. 9, 2025 National HR 1676 Make State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) Efficient Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 0)
Nov. 20, 2025 National HR 3109 Researching Efficient Federal Improvements for Necessary Energy Refining (REFINER) Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 176)
Nov. 20, 2025 National HR 1949 Unlocking our Domestic LNG Potential Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (217 - 188)
Nov. 18, 2025 National S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 209)
Nov. 18, 2025 National H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
Nov. 18, 2025 National H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
Nov. 4, 2025 MI HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
Nov. 4, 2025 MI HB 4073 Requires Officers of the Department of Natural Resources to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
Nov. 4, 2025 MI HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
Oct. 8, 2025 OH HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
Oct. 2, 2025 MI SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Bill Passed - House (104 - 5)
Oct. 1, 2025 PA HB 1704 Requires Sellers to Disclose Flood Damage or Flood Risks Related to Property Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
Sept. 30, 2025 MI HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
Sept. 30, 2025 MI HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
Sept. 29, 2025 PA HB 97 Establishes Regulations Regarding Pets in Division of Property Proceedings Bill Passed - House (121 - 82)
Sept. 18, 2025 National HR 1047 Guaranteeing Reliability through the Interconnection of Dispatchable (GRID) Power Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 206)
Sept. 18, 2025 National HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
Sept. 18, 2025 National HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
Sept. 17, 2025 MI HB 4595 Authorizes the MLCC to Issue a Specially Designated Merchant (SDM) License to a Grocery Store on Land Owned by Schoolcraft College Bill Passed - House (90 - 7)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
Sept. 13, 2025 CA SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA AB 1167 Requires Utility Regulators to Enforce Monetary Penalties on Investor-Owned Utility Companies Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 8)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
Sept. 9, 2025 CA AB 506 Expands Requirements for Disclosures Included in Pet Sales Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 4)
Sept. 9, 2025 MI HB 4012 Authorizes EMS to Transport Retired Police Dogs for Emergency Medical Treatment Bill Passed - House (61 - 43)
Sept. 8, 2025 CA SB 312 Requires Dog Importers to Submit Health Certifications to the CDFA Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - House (65 - 2)
Sept. 4, 2025 CA SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - House (65 - 2)
Sept. 4, 2025 National HR 4553 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (214 - 213)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA AB 516 Authorizes Registered Veterinary Technicians and Veterinary Assistants to Perform Certain Animal Health Care Services Concurrence Vote Passed - House (77 - 2)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA SB 653 Establishes New Wildfire Prevention Measures Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
Sept. 3, 2025 CA SB 653 Establishes New Wildfire Prevention Measures Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
Sept. 3, 2025 National H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 211)
Sept. 3, 2025 National H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (211 - 208)
Sept. 3, 2025 National H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 210)
Aug. 21, 2025 TX SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - House (132 - 4)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/18 HR 4776 Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 196)
12/18 HR 845 Pet and Livestock Protection Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 204)
12/18 HR 1366 Mining Regulatory Clarity Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 198)
12/17 HR 3616 Reliable Power Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 203)
12/16 HR 3632 Power Plant Reliability Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (222 - 202)
12/15 HR 3187 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey a parcel of property of the Forest Service to Perry County, Arkansas, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
12/12 HR 3668 Improving Interagency Coordination for Pipeline Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 184)
12/11 HR 3628 State Planning for Reliability and Affordability Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 207)
12/11 HR 3638 Electric Supply Chain Act Bill Passed - House (267 - 159)
12/11 HR 3898 Promoting Efficient Review for Modern Infrastructure Today (PERMIT) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 205)
12/09 HR 1676 Make State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) Efficient Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 0)
11/20 HR 3109 Researching Efficient Federal Improvements for Necessary Energy Refining (REFINER) Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 176)
11/20 HR 1949 Unlocking our Domestic LNG Potential Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (217 - 188)
11/18 S J Res 80 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska Integrated Activity Plan Record of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 209)
11/18 H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
11/18 H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
11/04 HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
11/04 HB 4073 Requires Officers of the Department of Natural Resources to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
11/04 HB 4421 Requires Officers of the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy to Obtain a Warrant Before Entering Private Property Bill Passed - House (63 - 37)
10/08 HB 170 Establishes a Clearer Regulatory Framework for Carbon Capture and Sequestration Across the State Bill Passed - House (93 - 4)
10/02 SB 579 Authorizes the State to Continue Collecting Certain Environmental Fees Bill Passed - House (104 - 5)
10/01 HB 1704 Requires Sellers to Disclose Flood Damage or Flood Risks Related to Property Bill Passed - House (203 - 0)
9/30 HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
9/30 HB 4695 Establishes Additional Powers for Recreational Authorities Bill Passed - House (96 - 2)
9/29 HB 97 Establishes Regulations Regarding Pets in Division of Property Proceedings Bill Passed - House (121 - 82)
9/18 HR 1047 Guaranteeing Reliability through the Interconnection of Dispatchable (GRID) Power Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 206)
9/18 HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
9/18 HR 3015 National Coal Council Reestablishment Act Bill Passed - House (217 - 209)
9/17 HB 4595 Authorizes the MLCC to Issue a Specially Designated Merchant (SDM) License to a Grocery Store on Land Owned by Schoolcraft College Bill Passed - House (90 - 7)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
9/13 AB 825 Establishes the Independent System Operator as a Regional Organization Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 1)
9/13 SB 237 Authorizes Environmental Approvals for up to 2,000 New Wells Annually in Kern County Bill Passed - House (66 - 4)
9/10 AB 1167 Requires Utility Regulators to Enforce Monetary Penalties on Investor-Owned Utility Companies Concurrence Vote Passed - House (50 - 8)
9/10 SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
9/09 AB 506 Expands Requirements for Disclosures Included in Pet Sales Concurrence Vote Passed - House (70 - 4)
9/09 HB 4012 Authorizes EMS to Transport Retired Police Dogs for Emergency Medical Treatment Bill Passed - House (61 - 43)
9/08 SB 312 Requires Dog Importers to Submit Health Certifications to the CDFA Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
9/04 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
9/04 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
9/04 AB 1042 Authorizes the Department of Food and Agriculture to Establish and Oversee the Managed Honeybee Health Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House (78 - 0)
9/04 SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - House (65 - 2)
9/04 SB 831 Expands the Duties of the Department of Conservation to Review Geologic Hazards that May Occur in Relation to Climate Change Bill Passed - House (65 - 2)
9/04 HR 4553 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (214 - 213)
9/03 AB 516 Authorizes Registered Veterinary Technicians and Veterinary Assistants to Perform Certain Animal Health Care Services Concurrence Vote Passed - House (77 - 2)
9/03 SB 653 Establishes New Wildfire Prevention Measures Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
9/03 SB 653 Establishes New Wildfire Prevention Measures Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
9/03 H J Res 105 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "North Dakota Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 211)
9/03 H J Res 104 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Miles City Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (211 - 208)
9/03 H J Res 106 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan". Joint Resolution Passed - House (215 - 210)
8/21 SB 2 (Special Session) Requires the Texas Water Development Board to Identify High-Risk Flood Areas and Require Local Governments to Install Outdoor Warning Sirens in Those Locations Bill Passed - House (132 - 4)

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