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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 29, 2025 TX HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
May 29, 2025 TX HJR 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Stave off a Looming Water Crisis Concurrence Vote Passed - House (122 - 2)
May 29, 2025 TX HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
May 29, 2025 LA SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
May 29, 2025 LA SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
May 29, 2025 LA SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
May 28, 2025 TX HB 4530 Amends Water Rights Placed in the Texas Water Trust and the Texas Water Bank Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 42)
May 28, 2025 CT SB 9 Requires Flood Risk Disclosure and Strengthens Towns Against Rising Sea Levels Bill Passed - House (115 - 33)
May 28, 2025 TX SB 1758 Limits the Liability of Kiln Operators Whose Activities Cause Seismic Disturbances in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 24)
May 28, 2025 CT HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - House (101 - 45)
May 28, 2025 CT HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - House (101 - 45)
May 26, 2025 TX SB 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Support Water Infrastructure and Potential Water Drought Bill Passed - House (143 - 3)
May 22, 2025 OK HB 2752 Prohibits Renewable Energy Companies from Using Eminent Domain in Oklahoma Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 4)
May 22, 2025 National S J Res 31 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 212)
May 22, 2025 NJ A 5442 Requires Board of Public Utilities Members to Have Certain Experience Bill Passed - House (74 - 2)
May 22, 2025 NJ A 5264 Requires the Establishment of an Automated Platform to Expedite Approval to Build Residential Solar Units Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
May 22, 2025 NJ A 5733 Expands Eligibility for State Utility Assistance and Energy Efficiency Programs Bill Passed - House (58 - 18)
May 22, 2025 NJ A 5466 Requires the Board of Public Utilities to Carry out a Study on the Effect of Electricity Usage by Data Centers on Electricity Costs in the State Bill Passed - House (75 - 2)
May 22, 2025 NJ A 5463 Requires Electric Public Utilities to File an Annual Report with the Board of Public Utilities Bill Passed - House (61 - 12)
May 21, 2025 OK HB 2756 Requires Companies Building Transmission Lines Greater than 300 Kilovolts to Obtain Permission from the Oklahoma Corporation Commission Before Building Concurrence Vote Passed - House (85 - 4)
May 21, 2025 OR SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Bill Passed - House (33 - 19)
May 21, 2025 TX SB 1253 Establishes Conservation and Reuse Credits Against Water and Wastewater Fees Bill Passed - House (112 - 28)
May 20, 2025 ME LD 1655 Requires Municipalities to Permit Backyard Chickens on Residential Property "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (131 - 8)
May 20, 2025 ME LD 1655 Requires Municipalities to Permit Backyard Chickens on Residential Property "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (131 - 8)
May 14, 2025 National HR 2215 Salem Maritime National Historical Park Redesignation and Boundary Study Act Bill Passed - House (382 - 31)
May 9, 2025 TX SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Bill Passed - House (86 - 59)
May 8, 2025 IA SF 608 Amends and Updates the Grain Indemnity Program Bill Passed - House (81 - 3)
May 7, 2025 AL HB 509 Prohibits Alabama State Agencies from Killing, Testing, or Restricting the Transfer of Game Breeder-Owned Cervids (Deer) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (102 - 1)
May 7, 2025 CO HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House
May 7, 2025 NC HB 442 Establishes Longer Flounder/Red Snapper Seasons and Shrimp Trawl Bill Passed - House (77 - 35)
May 6, 2025 CO SB 25-299 Requires that Companies Selling Residential Solar-Power Systems Disclose the Terms of Financing Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
May 5, 2025 OR SB 91 Prohibits Forever Chemicals (PFAs) in Firefighting Foam Bill Passed - House (39 - 14)
May 2, 2025 HI SB 1396 Establishes a "Green-Fee" Tax on Tourists to Support the Climate Concurrence Vote Passed - House (40 - 8)
May 2, 2025 ND HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 26)
May 2, 2025 ND HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 26)
May 1, 2025 CO HB 25-1207 Prohibits Insurers from Refusing, Canceling or Increasing the Cost of Coverage for Residential Property Owners Based on the Breed of Their Dog Concurrence Vote Passed - House (40 - 23)
May 1, 2025 SC H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 13)
May 1, 2025 National H J Res 78 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for the San Francisco Bay-Delta Distinct Population Segment of the Longfin Smelt". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 195)
May 1, 2025 National H J Res 88 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - House (246 - 164)
May 1, 2025 National H J Res 78 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for the San Francisco Bay-Delta Distinct Population Segment of the Longfin Smelt". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 195)
May 1, 2025 CT HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - House (98 - 47)
May 1, 2025 CT HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - House (98 - 47)
May 1, 2025 CA AB 516 Authorizes Registered Veterinary Technicians and Veterinary Assistants to Perform Certain Animal Health Care Services Bill Passed - House (76 - 0)
April 30, 2025 HI SB 897 Authorizes the Public Utilities Commission to Set a Liability Cap for Hawaiian Electric Company in the Event of Another Catastrophic Wildfire Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 10)
April 30, 2025 HI SB 897 Authorizes the Public Utilities Commission to Set a Liability Cap for Hawaiian Electric Company in the Event of Another Catastrophic Wildfire Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 10)
April 30, 2025 HI HB 427 Establishes Quarantines of Infested Areas and Strengthens the Inspection Process for Items Shipped to and Around the State to Protect Biodiversity Concurrence Vote Passed - House (45 - 5)
April 30, 2025 HI HB 969 Prohibits Landfills on the Agricultural Land Best Suited for Farming Concurrence Vote Passed - House (43 - 7)
April 30, 2025 HI HB 427 Establishes Quarantines of Infested Areas and Strengthens the Inspection Process for Items Shipped to and Around the State to Protect Biodiversity Concurrence Vote Passed - House (45 - 5)
April 30, 2025 ME LD 837 Requires Positions Taken by the Public Advocate to be Consistent with the Cost-Effective Implementation of the State's Climate Goals "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (74 - 67)
April 30, 2025 FL SB 56 Prohibits Geo-Engineering and Weather Modification Activities Bill Passed - House (82 - 28)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/29 HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
5/29 HJR 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Stave off a Looming Water Crisis Concurrence Vote Passed - House (122 - 2)
5/29 HB 1690 Authorizes Notice Requirements for Groundwater Transfer Permit Applications Across Conservation Districts Concurrence Vote Passed - House (133 - 1)
5/29 SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
5/29 SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
5/29 SB 46 Prohibits the Intentional Release of, or Dispersion of Chemicals into the Environment of Effecting Temperature State. Bill Passed - House (58 - 33)
5/28 HB 4530 Amends Water Rights Placed in the Texas Water Trust and the Texas Water Bank Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 42)
5/28 SB 9 Requires Flood Risk Disclosure and Strengthens Towns Against Rising Sea Levels Bill Passed - House (115 - 33)
5/28 SB 1758 Limits the Liability of Kiln Operators Whose Activities Cause Seismic Disturbances in Texas Bill Passed - House (115 - 24)
5/28 HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - House (101 - 45)
5/28 HB 7231 Authorizes Sunday Hunting on Private Land Bill Passed - House (101 - 45)
5/26 SB 7 Appropriates Billions of Dollars to Support Water Infrastructure and Potential Water Drought Bill Passed - House (143 - 3)
5/22 HB 2752 Prohibits Renewable Energy Companies from Using Eminent Domain in Oklahoma Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 4)
5/22 S J Res 31 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 212)
5/22 A 5442 Requires Board of Public Utilities Members to Have Certain Experience Bill Passed - House (74 - 2)
5/22 A 5264 Requires the Establishment of an Automated Platform to Expedite Approval to Build Residential Solar Units Bill Passed - House (78 - 0)
5/22 A 5733 Expands Eligibility for State Utility Assistance and Energy Efficiency Programs Bill Passed - House (58 - 18)
5/22 A 5466 Requires the Board of Public Utilities to Carry out a Study on the Effect of Electricity Usage by Data Centers on Electricity Costs in the State Bill Passed - House (75 - 2)
5/22 A 5463 Requires Electric Public Utilities to File an Annual Report with the Board of Public Utilities Bill Passed - House (61 - 12)
5/21 HB 2756 Requires Companies Building Transmission Lines Greater than 300 Kilovolts to Obtain Permission from the Oklahoma Corporation Commission Before Building Concurrence Vote Passed - House (85 - 4)
5/21 SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Bill Passed - House (33 - 19)
5/21 SB 1253 Establishes Conservation and Reuse Credits Against Water and Wastewater Fees Bill Passed - House (112 - 28)
5/20 LD 1655 Requires Municipalities to Permit Backyard Chickens on Residential Property "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (131 - 8)
5/20 LD 1655 Requires Municipalities to Permit Backyard Chickens on Residential Property "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (131 - 8)
5/14 HR 2215 Salem Maritime National Historical Park Redesignation and Boundary Study Act Bill Passed - House (382 - 31)
5/09 SB 17 Increases Sanctions Against Foreign Entities from Purchasing Land in Texas Bill Passed - House (86 - 59)
5/08 SF 608 Amends and Updates the Grain Indemnity Program Bill Passed - House (81 - 3)
5/07 HB 509 Prohibits Alabama State Agencies from Killing, Testing, or Restricting the Transfer of Game Breeder-Owned Cervids (Deer) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (102 - 1)
5/07 HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Concurrence Vote Passed - House
5/07 HB 442 Establishes Longer Flounder/Red Snapper Seasons and Shrimp Trawl Bill Passed - House (77 - 35)
5/06 SB 25-299 Requires that Companies Selling Residential Solar-Power Systems Disclose the Terms of Financing Bill Passed - House (43 - 22)
5/05 SB 91 Prohibits Forever Chemicals (PFAs) in Firefighting Foam Bill Passed - House (39 - 14)
5/02 SB 1396 Establishes a "Green-Fee" Tax on Tourists to Support the Climate Concurrence Vote Passed - House (40 - 8)
5/02 HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 26)
5/02 HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 26)
5/01 HB 25-1207 Prohibits Insurers from Refusing, Canceling or Increasing the Cost of Coverage for Residential Property Owners Based on the Breed of Their Dog Concurrence Vote Passed - House (40 - 23)
5/01 H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 13)
5/01 H J Res 78 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for the San Francisco Bay-Delta Distinct Population Segment of the Longfin Smelt". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 195)
5/01 H J Res 88 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - House (246 - 164)
5/01 H J Res 78 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for the San Francisco Bay-Delta Distinct Population Segment of the Longfin Smelt". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 195)
5/01 HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - House (98 - 47)
5/01 HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - House (98 - 47)
5/01 AB 516 Authorizes Registered Veterinary Technicians and Veterinary Assistants to Perform Certain Animal Health Care Services Bill Passed - House (76 - 0)
4/30 SB 897 Authorizes the Public Utilities Commission to Set a Liability Cap for Hawaiian Electric Company in the Event of Another Catastrophic Wildfire Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 10)
4/30 SB 897 Authorizes the Public Utilities Commission to Set a Liability Cap for Hawaiian Electric Company in the Event of Another Catastrophic Wildfire Concurrence Vote Passed - House (39 - 10)
4/30 HB 427 Establishes Quarantines of Infested Areas and Strengthens the Inspection Process for Items Shipped to and Around the State to Protect Biodiversity Concurrence Vote Passed - House (45 - 5)
4/30 HB 969 Prohibits Landfills on the Agricultural Land Best Suited for Farming Concurrence Vote Passed - House (43 - 7)
4/30 HB 427 Establishes Quarantines of Infested Areas and Strengthens the Inspection Process for Items Shipped to and Around the State to Protect Biodiversity Concurrence Vote Passed - House (45 - 5)
4/30 LD 837 Requires Positions Taken by the Public Advocate to be Consistent with the Cost-Effective Implementation of the State's Climate Goals "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (74 - 67)
4/30 SB 56 Prohibits Geo-Engineering and Weather Modification Activities Bill Passed - House (82 - 28)
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