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ISIS

Floor Speech

By: Jeff Merkley

Date: Sept. 9, 2014

Location: Washington, DC

Issues: Campaign Finance

BREAK IN TRANSCRIPT

Mr. MERKLEY. We have heard on this floor some lengthy speeches that brought a number of arguments to bear in an effort to appear learned, insightful, founded in law and founded in history, all to obscure the fundamental fact before this body, which is some on this floor today want to see a government owned and operated by the powerful, not the people. But that is exactly the opposite of what our Constitution was set up to do. The Founders of our Nation proceeded to lay out in very clear terms that the entire premise of our government would not be ruled by the few over the many. It would not be a system of government set up of, by, and for the powerful. They laid that vision out in the very first words of our Constitution.

This premise is so well-known to citizens that when you say: What are the first three words of our Constitution, they will say, together: ``We the People,'' because that is what animates our system of government--``We the People.'' Those who came to argue for the government by and for the powerful are simply trying to destroy our Constitution and our vision of government.

Citizens United, a court case that absolutely ignores the fundamental premises on which our Nation is founded, is a dagger poised at the heart of our democracy. It is a decision by five Justices that this framework doesn't matter.

The writers of the Constitution felt this was so important to convey to every citizen that this is the meaning, the core meaning of what our government is about, that they proceeded to write those words in a font that is approximately 10 times the size of everything that comes after ``We the People of the United States. .....'' And all that follows is to illuminate, expand on that vision.

It was President Lincoln who summarized the genius of our democracy in his speech at Gettysburg: `` ..... of the people, by the people, and for the people.'' He proceeded to say that we must not let this vision perish from this Earth.

Yet Citizens United, day by day, election by election, is diminishing and destroying the very vision that President Lincoln summarized in that speech on the battlefield at Gettysburg.

What does Citizens United say? It says that entities that are not individuals, that have no claim to the Bill of Rights, can spend unlimited sums to inundate the airwaves and drown out the voice of the people.

Imagine, if you will, the town square. Let's turn the clock back to the early phase of our democracy.

There we are at the town square and everyone is supposed to have their chance to have their say in influencing the decisions that are to come. The town council says: Do you know what, Mr. Jones or Mrs. Anderson, you get 30 seconds, but now over here we are going to give 4 hours to your opponent. Would anyone consider that an exercise in democracy? Oh, yes, the individuals get 30 seconds, but the powerful entity--maybe the big landholder--gets 4 hours to make his or her case. That is not democracy. That is not ``We the People.'' That is rules that are twisted to fix the game on behalf of the powerful against the people, and that is what Citizens United represents.

Our system of government is such that it is essential that citizens believe that every citizen has a fair shot to participate because if they do not believe there is a fair shot, then, in fact, the premise of democracy--``We the People''--is destroyed because why participate if the system is rigged? That is what we are talking about--the rigging of the system. I think those five Justices simply have not read the Constitution, have not read the first three words, do not understand the premise, the foundation, the heart of our system of government and what it is intended to accomplish. It is as if they scratched out the first three words of the Constitution and said: We are rewriting it. We are going to rig the system for ``We the Powerful'' over the people. That is what this debate is about.

In Citizens United, these five Justices--a one-vote majority over the four who protested against this bizarre effort to destroy the premises of our democracy--said: Unlimited sums, dark money--such sums ``do not give rise to corruption or the appearance of corruption.'' They could not be more wrong. Corruption in this sense is the rigging of the game such that citizens do not have a fair voice, and rigging the game is exactly what Citizens United does. It is so obvious that, of course, it gives rise to the appearance that the game is rigged because it is.

Think about the situation I described where the town council says to Mr. Anderson or Mrs. Jones: You get 30 seconds; the opponent on the other side gets 4 hours. That is exactly what we are seeing in elections across the country. You may see in some elections that the average donation may be $50. Along come the Koch brothers, who in most States would be out-of-State, out-of-State oil and coal billionaires, coming in and maybe spending $3 million or $5 million or more through a variety of front groups they have set up.

How many individual donations does it take to get the same time to present your case as the Koch brothers spending, say, $3 million? Well, it would take about 60,000 $50 donations to buy the same opportunity to speak. So Citizens United is very much like that town council saying: You, madam citizen, get 30 seconds, but you, mister rich, powerful individual, get 4 hours. So, of course, it is corrosive and corrupting. It erodes fair opportunity for all citizens to have their voice heard. And because it does erode the ability of all citizens to have their voice heard, of course, it enhances the belief, that is, the appearance that the system is rigged, the appearance of corruption.

It changes the debate in this Chamber because colleagues look at these millions of dollars brought to bear by just a couple individuals and they say to themselves in the back of their head: I better not step on the toes of that group that can now spend millions of dollars in my election way down in a southern State or way out in a western State or way up in the northeast. I better not step on their toes. If that is not corrosive and corrupting to a ``We the People'' debate and decisionmaking, I do not know what is.

Let's take an example. Not so long ago the party across the aisle was saying: We think we have a good idea on how to use a market-based system to control sulfur dioxide. Rather than putting a limit on each smokestack, we will create an overall limit and allow the market to allocate the most cost-effective way to reduce that sulfur dioxide pollution. That cap-and-trade system invented across the aisle, proposed across the aisle, passed across the aisle, actually worked pretty well. In fact, it worked spectacularly. Sulfur dioxide and acid rain were decreased faster, more cheaply than anyone envisioned. If the range of possible outcomes was considered to be 1 through 10, this was a 25. It was a resounding success.

But along come two individuals who have these billions of dollars who are getting into elections all over the country, who are threatening to put millions in to those who disagree, and they say: No, no, no. Sulfur dioxide, hmm, do not apply this idea that worked so well for the carbon dioxide pollution; do not do that; no matter how well this idea worked, do not do that because we won't fund your election. If you are with us, we will fund massive amounts of campaign ads to attack your opponents. That is exactly what the Koch brothers have done, and they reversed the entire position of my colleagues across the aisle in a couple years--in about a 2-year period--from a market-based control of a major pollutant, carbon dioxide, to arguing that no, no, no, it cannot be controlled. That would be an energy tax.

Well, this happens time and time again, and the people across this Nation do, in fact, pay attention. They are seeing the system is rigged. That is why in one poll 92 percent of Americans said this program is broken. I thought to myself: What is wrong with the other 8 percent? Haven't they paid attention? Don't they know how much this system is being corrupted by Citizens United, by the decision of those five Justices?

Well, in addition, there is another form of corruption that comes from Citizens United; and that is those individuals who have been elected by these vast sums are beholden to those who elected them and they will choose no policy that goes against those who have pulled their strings and gotten them elected. That is definitely a form of serious corruption in a democracy, where ideas are supposed to be debated and decided, analyzed, not where vast corporate or individual wealthy billionaires pull the strings. So it is destroying the competition between ideas on how to take a path that works for ``We the People'' instead of ``We the Powerful.''

When people back home see those in this Chamber arguing to cut food stamps while not cutting a single egregious tax giveaway to powerful oil companies, they see the corrosive influence of Citizens United. When they see folks across the aisle arguing that you should not eliminate these subsidies that go to companies that ship our jobs overseas, and that you should oppose subsidies to bring those jobs home, they see the powerful influence of Citizens United. The list could go on and on.

We have a particular challenge because the concentration of wealth in America is greater than it has been since 1920, greater than it has been for virtually a century. And now we have a system, thanks to our Supreme Court majority of five, that says wealth can be brought to bear to buy elections across this Nation. This is not the system that colonists thought about when they were trying to set up a government that would serve every American--not the few--that would serve humble, ordinary working Americans--not the most powerful--that would serve those in every economic level for a better vision, a better opportunity for employment, a better opportunity for health, a better opportunity to live a quality life, instead of just those who have the biggest bank checkbooks.

I urge my colleagues, let's take up this issue. How could any issue be more important than this issue that goes to the very core of our democracy? Let's not try to run these lengthy, lengthy speeches with learned, learned quotes, to try to disguise what this is about: the wealthiest, the most powerful oppressing the fundamental nature of our democracy.

Together we can stay the hand that holds the dagger aimed at the heart of democracy, and it is our responsibility to do so for this generation and for the generations to come.

Thank you, Madam President.

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SIGNING_BACKEND	`'django.core.signing.TimestampSigner'`
SILENCED_SYSTEM_CHECKS	`['models.E007', 'fields.E311', 'fields.E903']`
SIMPLE_JWT	`{'ACCESS_TOKEN_LIFETIME': '******************', 'REFRESH_TOKEN_LIFETIME': '******************'}`
SITE_ID	`1`
SOCIAL_AUTH_BACKEND_ERROR_URL	`'/login'`
SOCIAL_AUTH_RAISE_EXCEPTIONS	`False`
STAFF_PHOTO_PATH	`'images/staff'`
STATICFILES_DIRS	`['/var/www/justfacts/assets']`
STATICFILES_FINDERS	`['django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder', 'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder']`
STATICFILES_STORAGE	`'django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.StaticFilesStorage'`
STATIC_ROOT	`'/var/www/justfacts/static/'`
STATIC_URL	`'/static/'`
TEMPLATES	`[{'APP_DIRS': True, 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': ['/var/www/justfacts/templates', '/var/www/justfacts/sidebyside/sidebyside_react_app/'], 'OPTIONS': {'context_processors': ['django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages']}}]`
TESTING	`False`
TEST_NON_SERIALIZED_APPS	`[]`
TEST_RUNNER	`'django.test.runner.DiscoverRunner'`
THOUSAND_SEPARATOR	`','`
TIME_FORMAT	`'P'`
TIME_INPUT_FORMATS	`['%H:%M:%S', '%H:%M:%S.%f', '%H:%M']`
TIME_ZONE	`'UTC'`
TWITTER_CONSUMER_KEY	`'********************'`
TWITTER_CONSUMER_SECRET	`'********************'`
USE_I18N	`True`
USE_L10N	`True`
USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR	`False`
USE_TZ	`False`
USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST	`False`
USE_X_FORWARDED_PORT	`False`
WSGI_APPLICATION	`'justfacts_project.wsgi.application'`
X_FRAME_OPTIONS	`'DENY'`
YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT	`'F Y'`

Signal	Receivers
class_prepared
connection_created	register_type_handlers
got_request_exception
m2m_changed
post_delete
post_init	ImageField.update_dimension_fields, ImageField.update_dimension_fields, ImageField.update_dimension_fields
post_migrate	create_permissions, create_contenttypes, create_default_site
post_save	create_user_profile, TagField._save
pre_delete	clear_site_cache
pre_init
pre_migrate	inject_rename_contenttypes_operations
pre_save	clear_site_cache, set_zip4_userprofile
request_finished	close_old_connections, close_caches, reset_urlconf
request_started	reset_queries, close_old_connections
setting_changed	reset_cache, clear_cache_handlers, update_installed_apps, update_connections_time_zone, clear_routers_cache, reset_template_engines, clear_serializers_cache, language_changed, localize_settings_changed, file_storage_changed, complex_setting_changed, root_urlconf_changed, static_storage_changed, static_finders_changed, auth_password_validators_changed, user_model_swapped, update_toolbar_config, reset_hashers, reload_api_settings, reload_api_settings, uninstall_if_needed, clear_caches, FileSystemStorage._clear_cached_properties, FileSystemStorage._clear_cached_properties, FileSystemStorage._clear_cached_properties, FileSystemStorage._clear_cached_properties, StaticFilesStorage._clear_cached_properties

Path	Location
.DS_Store	/var/www/justfacts/assets/.DS_Store
.well-known/apple-developer-merchantid-domain-association	/var/www/justfacts/assets/.well-known/apple-developer-merchantid-domain-association
pdfs/Mobile_Messaging_Terms_and_conditions.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/Mobile_Messaging_Terms_and_conditions.pdf
pdfs/CNIP-signed-bylaws-2023.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/CNIP-signed-bylaws-2023.pdf
pdfs/PolicyforFundraisingandGiftAcceptance_1.3_Edition.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/PolicyforFundraisingandGiftAcceptance_1.3_Edition.pdf
pdfs/CNIP2018.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/CNIP2018.pdf
pdfs/CNIP2019.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/CNIP2019.pdf
pdfs/2021/162017-Vote Smart-Brochure-Proof.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/2021/162017-Vote Smart-Brochure-Proof.pdf
pdfs/2021/990-2021.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/2021/990-2021.pdf
pdfs/2020/CNIP2020.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/2020/CNIP2020.pdf
pdfs/2020/Vote-Smart-FY21-Audit-Report-Final-Signed.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/2020/Vote-Smart-FY21-Audit-Report-Final-Signed.pdf
pdfs/2020/VoteSmartbrochure.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/2020/VoteSmartbrochure.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_New_Jersey_State_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_New_Jersey_State_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Mississippi_State_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Mississippi_State_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Virginia_State_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Virginia_State_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Kentucky_State_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Kentucky_State_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Louisiana_State_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/2023_states/2023_Louisiana_State_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MS_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MS_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_IN_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_IN_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_AL_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_AL_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_WY_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_WY_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NY_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NY_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NJ_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NJ_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_SC_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_SC_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MA_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MA_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NM_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NM_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NB_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NB_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MD_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MD_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MO_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MO_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MINN_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MINN_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_AZ_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_AZ_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_PA_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_PA_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_OK_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_OK_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_OH_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_OH_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NV_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_NV_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_WA_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_WA_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_FL_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_FL_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MI_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_MI_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_CO_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_CO_PCT.pdf
pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_OR_PCT.pdf	/var/www/justfacts/assets/pdfs/forcandidates/states/2022_OR_PCT.pdf

Path	Location
admin/img/icon-no.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-no.svg
admin/img/README.txt	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/README.txt
admin/img/icon-yes.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-yes.svg
admin/img/inline-delete.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/inline-delete.svg
admin/img/selector-icons.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/selector-icons.svg
admin/img/icon-calendar.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-calendar.svg
admin/img/search.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/search.svg
admin/img/LICENSE	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/LICENSE
admin/img/icon-unknown.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-unknown.svg
admin/img/icon-viewlink.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-viewlink.svg
admin/img/icon-changelink.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-changelink.svg
admin/img/calendar-icons.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/calendar-icons.svg
admin/img/icon-alert.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-alert.svg
admin/img/icon-unknown-alt.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-unknown-alt.svg
admin/img/tooltag-add.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/tooltag-add.svg
admin/img/icon-addlink.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-addlink.svg
admin/img/sorting-icons.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/sorting-icons.svg
admin/img/icon-clock.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-clock.svg
admin/img/icon-deletelink.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/icon-deletelink.svg
admin/img/tooltag-arrowright.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/tooltag-arrowright.svg
admin/img/gis/move_vertex_off.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/gis/move_vertex_off.svg
admin/img/gis/move_vertex_on.svg	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/img/gis/move_vertex_on.svg
admin/fonts/README.txt	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/fonts/README.txt
admin/fonts/LICENSE.txt	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/fonts/LICENSE.txt
admin/fonts/Roboto-Regular-webfont.woff	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/fonts/Roboto-Regular-webfont.woff
admin/fonts/Roboto-Light-webfont.woff	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/fonts/Roboto-Light-webfont.woff
admin/fonts/Roboto-Bold-webfont.woff	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/fonts/Roboto-Bold-webfont.woff
admin/js/SelectFilter2.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/SelectFilter2.js
admin/js/nav_sidebar.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/nav_sidebar.js
admin/js/core.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/core.js
admin/js/popup_response.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/popup_response.js
admin/js/collapse.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/collapse.js
admin/js/autocomplete.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/autocomplete.js
admin/js/change_form.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/change_form.js
admin/js/jquery.init.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/jquery.init.js
admin/js/calendar.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/calendar.js
admin/js/urlify.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/urlify.js
admin/js/cancel.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/cancel.js
admin/js/prepopulate_init.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/prepopulate_init.js
admin/js/actions.js	/usr/local/lib/python3.12/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/js/actions.js