Card image cap

William Howell's Ratings and Endorsements

Vote Smart displays all known interest group ratings for each candidate and official, regardless of issue or bias.

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issue concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

With rare exceptions, Vote Smart displays interest group ratings as a 0-100 percentage. While many interest groups use percentages as ratings to begin with, please note that Vote Smart has translated some ratings to a percentage from a different rating system for consistency and ease in understanding. Please visit the group's website, email us at ratings@votesmart.org or call our Voter Information Hotline at 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

89%
2011-2012
99%
2017
97%
2016
98%
2016
98%
2015
100%
2014
100%
2013
98%
2012
85%
2005
100%
2002-2003
65%
2000-2001
67%
2000
78%
1999
63%
1998
91%
2017
91%
2017
89%
2016
89%
2016
92%
2015
92%
2015
92%
2014-2015
92%
2014-2015
92%
2014
92%
2014
100%
2013
100%
2013
86%
2013
86%
2013
84%
2012
84%
2012
78%
2012
78%
2012
87%
2012
87%
2012
96%
2012
96%
2012
90%
2012
90%
2012
86
2010
86
2010
90%
2010
90%
2010
81
2010
81
2010
89
2010
89
2010
79
2009
79
2009
72
2009
72
2009
81
2009
81
2009
86%
2009
86%
2009
88
2008
88
2008
78%
2007
78%
2007
85%
2005
85%
2005
54%
2004
54%
2004
57%
2003
57%
2003
83%
2002
83%
2002
65%
2001
65%
2001
67%
2000
67%
2000
81
1999
81
1999
82
1997
82
1997
94%
2014-2015
89%
2013
100%
2010-2011
100%
2008-2009
100%
2006-2007
100%
2004-2005
94%
2002-2003
76%
2001
83%
1999
80%
2017
64%
2016
62%
2016
88%
2015
70%
2014
35%
2013
75%
2012-2017
50%
2012
40%
2004-2014
58%
2017
50%
2016
50%
2015
50%
1999
94%
2014-2015
89%
2013
100%
2010-2011
100%
2008-2009
100%
2006-2007
100%
2004-2005
94%
2002-2003
76%
2001
83%
1999
64%
2004-2005
64%
2004-2005
64%
2004-2005
64%
2004-2005
33%
2017
33%
2017
24%
2016
24%
2016
33%
2016
33%
2016
33%
2015
33%
2015
24%
2015
24%
2015
20%
2014
20%
2014
22%
2014
22%
2014
20%
2012
20%
2012
21%
2012
21%
2012
20%
2010
20%
2010
21%
2010
21%
2010
22%
2009
22%
2009
22
2008
23%
2007
23%
2007
0%
2006
26%
2005
26%
2005
28%
2004
28%
2004
20%
2004
20%
2004
0%
2003
50%
2002
50%
2002
29%
2001
29%
2001
34%
1999
34%
1999
57%
2003
100%
2016
100%
2016
50%
2013
0%
2012
50%
2007
0%
2005
0
2004
0%
2003
0%
2001
94%
2016-2017
94%
2014-2015
94%
2014-2015
89%
2013
89%
2013
100%
2010-2011
100%
2010-2011
100%
2008-2009
100%
2008-2009
100%
2006-2007
100%
2006-2007
100%
2004-2005
100%
2004-2005
94%
2002-2003
94%
2002-2003
76%
2001
76%
2001
83%
1999
83%
1999
80%
2017
65%
2017
80%
2017
62%
2016
64%
2016
64%
2016
62%
2016
88%
2015
88%
2015
70%
2014
70%
2014
35%
2013
35%
2013
75%
2012-2017
75%
2012-2017
50%
2012
50%
2012
40%
2004-2014
40%
2004-2014
arrow_upward