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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
July 23, 2025 National PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
July 17, 2025 CA AB 1029 Expands Financial Disclosure Requirements to Include Digital Assets Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
July 17, 2025 National PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
July 17, 2025 MA S 2559 Establishes Consumer Protections Regarding Debt Collection in Massachusetts Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
July 15, 2025 National PN 25-39 Nomination of Luke Pettit to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (69 - 30)
July 14, 2025 National PN 25-39 Nomination of Luke Pettit to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 28)
July 10, 2025 National PN 25-15 Nomination of Jonathan Gould to be Comptroller of the Currency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
July 10, 2025 National PN 25-15 Nomination of Jonathan Gould to be Comptroller of the Currency Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 45)
July 9, 2025 National PN 13-3 Nomination of William Briggs to be Deputy Administrator of the Small Business Administration Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 45)
July 9, 2025 National PN 13-3 Nomination of William Briggs to be Deputy Administrator of the Small Business Administration Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 3132 Establishes Regulations for Secondhand Dealers of Cellphones Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 3309 Expands Requirements for Car Dealerships to Track and Inform Customers of Recalls Prior to Sale Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 2783 Establishes Regulations for Travel Insurance Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 233 Authorizes Food Truck Owners to Now Sell Beer Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 26, 2025 National PN 13-7 Nomination of Kenneth Kies to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
June 25, 2025 National PN 26-12 Nomination of Paul Dabbar to be Deputy Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 40)
June 25, 2025 National PN 13-7 Nomination of Kenneth Kies to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
June 24, 2025 National PN 26-12 Nomination of Paul Dabbar to be Deputy Secretary of Commerce Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
June 20, 2025 RI S 229 Prohibits Payday Lending Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
June 19, 2025 NC HB 442 Establishes Longer Flounder/Red Snapper Seasons and Shrimp Trawl Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 2)
June 17, 2025 National S 1582 Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 30)
June 12, 2025 National S 1582 Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 27)
June 12, 2025 National PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
June 12, 2025 ME LD 677 Prohibits the Posession of Certain Rapid-Fire Devices in Maine "Ought to Pass" Report Not Adopted - Senate (16 - 19)
June 12, 2025 NY S 8421 Amends Various Laws Relating to Consumer Utilities in New York Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 23)
June 12, 2025 NY S 363B Restricts the Imposition of Undisclosed Surcharges for Goods and Services Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 14)
June 12, 2025 NY S 1239 Prohibits Certain Food Dyes and Requires Companies that Sell Packaged Foods to Disclose More Information About the Additives They Put Into Their Products Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
June 11, 2025 National PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46)
June 11, 2025 PA SB 719 Expands the Qualification Process for Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) to Add an Alternative Pathway to Enter the Profession Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
June 5, 2025 ME LD 1016 Establishes the Manufactured Housing Community and Mobile Home Park Preservation and Assistance Fund "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 13)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 46)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 84 Prohibits Construction-Related Accessibility Claims for Statutory Damages Against a Defendant with 50 or Fewer Employees Unless the Defendant has Been Served with a Letter Specifying the Violation and the Violations Have Not Been Corrected Within 120 Days Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 261 Requires the Labor Commissioner's Office Posts Any Unsatisfied Awards Against Employers Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
June 3, 2025 ME LD 1226 Requires Home Contractors to be Licensed "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (18 - 15)
June 3, 2025 CA SB 709 Requires Rental Agreements to Disclose Certain Information Regarding Rental Fees Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
June 3, 2025 CA SB 791 Authorizes Vehicle Dealer to Charge up to $260 for Document Processing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
June 3, 2025 CA SB 791 Authorizes Vehicle Dealer to Charge up to $260 for Document Processing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
June 2, 2025 NJ A 2390 Specifies that Grant Preferences Given to Municipalities that Meet Housing Requirements Do Not Apply to Municipalities Seeking to Meet Those Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
June 2, 2025 NV AB 404 Authorizes Satellite Taprooms and Out-of-State Alcohol Shipping Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
June 2, 2025 NV AB 404 Authorizes Satellite Taprooms and Out-of-State Alcohol Shipping Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
June 2, 2025 NJ S 4377 Authorizes New Jersey Infrastructure Bank to Expend Sums to Make Loans for Financing Transportation Infrastructure Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 1, 2025 IL SB 328 Specifies that the Transaction of any Business Within the State Submits any Person to the Jurisdiction of the Courts of Illinois Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 19)
May 31, 2025 IL SB 1797 Establishes Regulations to Reduce Cryptocurrency Fraud Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (41 - 15)
May 30, 2025 TX SB 21 Establishes the Texas Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 8)
May 29, 2025 CA SB 648 Authorizes the Labor Commissioner to Penalize Employers for Taking or Withholding Gratuities Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
May 28, 2025 NY S 1464 Establishes Regulations Regarding Commercial Packaging and Recyclability Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 25)
May 27, 2025 OR SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
Date No. Title Outcome
7/23 PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
7/17 AB 1029 Expands Financial Disclosure Requirements to Include Digital Assets Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
7/17 PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
7/17 S 2559 Establishes Consumer Protections Regarding Debt Collection in Massachusetts Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
7/15 PN 25-39 Nomination of Luke Pettit to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (69 - 30)
7/14 PN 25-39 Nomination of Luke Pettit to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 28)
7/10 PN 25-15 Nomination of Jonathan Gould to be Comptroller of the Currency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
7/10 PN 25-15 Nomination of Jonathan Gould to be Comptroller of the Currency Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 45)
7/09 PN 13-3 Nomination of William Briggs to be Deputy Administrator of the Small Business Administration Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 45)
7/09 PN 13-3 Nomination of William Briggs to be Deputy Administrator of the Small Business Administration Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
6/30 S 3132 Establishes Regulations for Secondhand Dealers of Cellphones Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (39 - 0)
6/30 S 3309 Expands Requirements for Car Dealerships to Track and Inform Customers of Recalls Prior to Sale Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/30 S 2783 Establishes Regulations for Travel Insurance Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
6/27 AB 233 Authorizes Food Truck Owners to Now Sell Beer Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/26 PN 13-7 Nomination of Kenneth Kies to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
6/25 PN 26-12 Nomination of Paul Dabbar to be Deputy Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 40)
6/25 PN 13-7 Nomination of Kenneth Kies to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
6/24 PN 26-12 Nomination of Paul Dabbar to be Deputy Secretary of Commerce Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
6/20 S 229 Prohibits Payday Lending Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
6/19 HB 442 Establishes Longer Flounder/Red Snapper Seasons and Shrimp Trawl Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 2)
6/17 S 1582 Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 30)
6/12 S 1582 Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 27)
6/12 PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
6/12 LD 677 Prohibits the Posession of Certain Rapid-Fire Devices in Maine "Ought to Pass" Report Not Adopted - Senate (16 - 19)
6/12 S 8421 Amends Various Laws Relating to Consumer Utilities in New York Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 23)
6/12 S 363B Restricts the Imposition of Undisclosed Surcharges for Goods and Services Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 14)
6/12 S 1239 Prohibits Certain Food Dyes and Requires Companies that Sell Packaged Foods to Disclose More Information About the Additives They Put Into Their Products Bill Passed - Senate (58 - 1)
6/11 PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46)
6/11 SB 719 Expands the Qualification Process for Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) to Add an Alternative Pathway to Enter the Profession Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
6/05 LD 1016 Establishes the Manufactured Housing Community and Mobile Home Park Preservation and Assistance Fund "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 13)
6/04 PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 46)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
6/04 PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
6/04 SB 84 Prohibits Construction-Related Accessibility Claims for Statutory Damages Against a Defendant with 50 or Fewer Employees Unless the Defendant has Been Served with a Letter Specifying the Violation and the Violations Have Not Been Corrected Within 120 Days Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
6/04 SB 261 Requires the Labor Commissioner's Office Posts Any Unsatisfied Awards Against Employers Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
6/03 LD 1226 Requires Home Contractors to be Licensed "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (18 - 15)
6/03 SB 709 Requires Rental Agreements to Disclose Certain Information Regarding Rental Fees Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
6/03 SB 791 Authorizes Vehicle Dealer to Charge up to $260 for Document Processing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
6/03 SB 791 Authorizes Vehicle Dealer to Charge up to $260 for Document Processing Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
6/02 A 2390 Specifies that Grant Preferences Given to Municipalities that Meet Housing Requirements Do Not Apply to Municipalities Seeking to Meet Those Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
6/02 AB 404 Authorizes Satellite Taprooms and Out-of-State Alcohol Shipping Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
6/02 AB 404 Authorizes Satellite Taprooms and Out-of-State Alcohol Shipping Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 2)
6/02 S 4377 Authorizes New Jersey Infrastructure Bank to Expend Sums to Make Loans for Financing Transportation Infrastructure Projects Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/01 SB 328 Specifies that the Transaction of any Business Within the State Submits any Person to the Jurisdiction of the Courts of Illinois Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 19)
5/31 SB 1797 Establishes Regulations to Reduce Cryptocurrency Fraud Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (41 - 15)
5/30 SB 21 Establishes the Texas Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 8)
5/29 SB 648 Authorizes the Labor Commissioner to Penalize Employers for Taking or Withholding Gratuities Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
5/28 S 1464 Establishes Regulations Regarding Commercial Packaging and Recyclability Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 25)
5/27 SB 551 Prohibits All Plastic Bags at Checkout Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
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