Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 74 Amends Various State Election Laws and Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 74 Amends Various State Election Laws and Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Dec. 2, 2024 NC SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Dec. 2, 2024 NC HB 151 Authorizes a Joint Resolution Establishing Term Limits for Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Dec. 2, 2024 NC HB 151 Authorizes a Joint Resolution Establishing Term Limits for Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 404 Requires Clerks Provide the Secretary of State with Additional Information on Changes to Election Methods Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 401 Prohibits Any Action by Election Officials that Creates a Supposed Disparity in Voter Participation or Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 401 Prohibits Any Action by Election Officials that Creates a Supposed Disparity in Voter Participation or Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 404 Requires Clerks Provide the Secretary of State with Additional Information on Changes to Election Methods Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 402 Establishes a Voting and Elections Database and Institute Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 402 Establishes a Voting and Elections Database and Institute Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 403 Requires Clerks Print Election Materials in Languages Other Than English Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 403 Requires Clerks Print Election Materials in Languages Other Than English Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Aug. 27, 2024 CA AB 1807 Amends Certain Sections of the Elections Code Relating to Elections Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
Aug. 27, 2024 CA AB 1807 Amends Certain Sections of the Elections Code Relating to Elections Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
June 27, 2024 NC HB 1074 Amends North Carolina State Constitution to Only Allow Citizens to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 4)
June 15, 2024 AZ HCR 2056 Prohibits Elections Officials from Receiving Funding from Foreign Governments Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
June 15, 2024 AZ HCR 2056 Prohibits Elections Officials from Receiving Funding from Foreign Governments Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
June 6, 2024 NY S 9837 Requires the Board of Elections to Provide a Domestic Postage Paid Return Envelope for Voters Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 17)
June 6, 2024 NY S 9826 Requires Certain Elections Take Place in Even-Numbered Years for Certain Municipal and Judicial Officials Except in the City of New York Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 22)
May 31, 2024 OH HB 1 Prohibits Foreign Nationals from Contributing Money Directly or Indirectly to State Ballot Initiatives Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
May 31, 2024 OH HB 1 Prohibits Foreign Nationals from Contributing Money Directly or Indirectly to State Ballot Initiatives Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
May 28, 2024 NY S 6130 Authorizes Attorneys to be Poll Watchers Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 21)
May 28, 2024 OH HB 271 Requires that State Questions and Issues Appearing on Ballots Must be Numbered Consecutively Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
May 23, 2024 NH HB 1569 Repeals Voter Identification Exceptions for Elections Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 11)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/11 HB 74 Amends Various State Election Laws and Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
12/11 HB 74 Amends Various State Election Laws and Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
12/02 SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
12/02 HB 151 Authorizes a Joint Resolution Establishing Term Limits for Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
12/02 HB 151 Authorizes a Joint Resolution Establishing Term Limits for Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
9/17 SB 404 Requires Clerks Provide the Secretary of State with Additional Information on Changes to Election Methods Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 401 Prohibits Any Action by Election Officials that Creates a Supposed Disparity in Voter Participation or Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 401 Prohibits Any Action by Election Officials that Creates a Supposed Disparity in Voter Participation or Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 404 Requires Clerks Provide the Secretary of State with Additional Information on Changes to Election Methods Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 402 Establishes a Voting and Elections Database and Institute Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 402 Establishes a Voting and Elections Database and Institute Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 403 Requires Clerks Print Election Materials in Languages Other Than English Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 403 Requires Clerks Print Election Materials in Languages Other Than English Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
8/27 AB 1807 Amends Certain Sections of the Elections Code Relating to Elections Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
8/27 AB 1807 Amends Certain Sections of the Elections Code Relating to Elections Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
6/27 HB 1074 Amends North Carolina State Constitution to Only Allow Citizens to Vote Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 4)
6/15 HCR 2056 Prohibits Elections Officials from Receiving Funding from Foreign Governments Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
6/15 HCR 2056 Prohibits Elections Officials from Receiving Funding from Foreign Governments Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
6/06 S 9837 Requires the Board of Elections to Provide a Domestic Postage Paid Return Envelope for Voters Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 17)
6/06 S 9826 Requires Certain Elections Take Place in Even-Numbered Years for Certain Municipal and Judicial Officials Except in the City of New York Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 22)
5/31 HB 1 Prohibits Foreign Nationals from Contributing Money Directly or Indirectly to State Ballot Initiatives Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
5/31 HB 1 Prohibits Foreign Nationals from Contributing Money Directly or Indirectly to State Ballot Initiatives Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
5/28 S 6130 Authorizes Attorneys to be Poll Watchers Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 21)
5/28 HB 271 Requires that State Questions and Issues Appearing on Ballots Must be Numbered Consecutively Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
5/23 HB 1569 Repeals Voter Identification Exceptions for Elections Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 11)

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