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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 21, 2023 NJ A 3690 Authorizes Minors to Vote in a State Primary Election if They Turn 18 Prior to the General Election Date Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 19)
Dec. 13, 2023 PA SB 140 Authorizes the State Attorney General to Appoint a Special Prosecutor for South Eastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) Crimes Bill Passed - House (159 - 44)
Dec. 13, 2023 National H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
Dec. 13, 2023 National H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
Dec. 12, 2023 National HR 357 Ensuring Accountability in Agency Rulemaking Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
Dec. 1, 2023 National H Res 878 Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives Resolution Passed - House (311 - 114)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 78 Prohibits the Use of Private Funds to Pay for Election Equipment and Administration Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 35)
Nov. 9, 2023 IL HB 351 Prohibits Officials Convicted of a Felony, Bribery, or Perjury While in Office from Holding Any Local or State Office in the Future Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 18)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 71 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in Any State Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 34)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 374 Requires Candidates for Public Office File Financial Disclosure Reports Before Assuming Office Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 613 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Officials Bill Passed - House (59 - 49)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 570 Authorizes County Clerks to Appoint a Designee to Conduct Election Audits Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 614 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Candidates for Public Office Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 615 Establishes Exceptions for Expenditure Disclosure Requirements Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 616 Prohibits Certain Candidate Expenditures and Disbursements Bill Passed - House (62 - 46)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 493 Prohibits Counting Write-In Campaigns Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 552 Establishes an Age Limit of 75 for State Judges Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 298 Prohibits Cities or Counties from Closing More than Half of Their Polling Places 30 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (95 - 2)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI SB 337 Amends and Modernizes Key Provisions Governing Michigan State Land Surveys Bill Passed - House (77 - 32)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
Nov. 1, 2023 National H Res 829 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for antisemitic activity, sympathizing with terrorist organizations, and leading an insurrection at the United States Capitol Complex. Resolution Tabled - House (222 - 186)
Nov. 1, 2023 National HR 4364 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
Nov. 1, 2023 MI HB 4230 Repeals Restrictions on Public Employers Political Contribution Payroll Deduction Plans for Consenting Employees Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Nov. 1, 2023 MI HB 4234 Authorizes Automatic Payment Deductions for Political Action Committee (PAC) Contributions Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Oct. 18, 2023 PA SB 224 Amends the Date of the Upcoming State Presidential Primary to April 2, 2024 Bill Passed - House (104 - 99)
Oct. 12, 2023 MI SB 470 Amends Election Laws Concerning Electronic Return of Absent Voter Ballots By Uniformed Service members Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Oct. 10, 2023 NC SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
Oct. 10, 2023 NC SB 747 Amends Various State Election Laws and Policies Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
Oct. 4, 2023 PA HB 27 Appropriates Funding for State K-12 Public Education System Concurrence Vote Passed - House (106 - 97)
Oct. 4, 2023 MI HB 4984 Authorizes Individuals the Option to Decline Voter Registration on a Driver's License Application Bill Passed - House (56 - 52)
Oct. 4, 2023 PA HB 1456 Appropriates $45 Billion for the State Budget Bill Passed - House (115 - 88)
Oct. 3, 2023 National H Res 757 Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant. Bill Passed - House (216 - 210)
Sept. 30, 2023 National HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 91)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4568 Authorizes Motor Vehicle Hiring to Transport Voters to Polls Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4210 Authorizes Military Spouses and Dependents to Cast Ballots Electronically if They Are Overseas Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4567 Repeals the Challenge Ballot Requirement that Flagged Voters that Register on Election Day Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4570 Authorizes Voters to Apply for Mail-In Ballots Through an Online Application Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 22, 2023 NC HB 259 Appropriates $30 Billion for the 2023-2024 State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (70 - 40)
Sept. 21, 2023 NC SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 44)
Sept. 14, 2023 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
Sept. 14, 2023 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - House (64 - 12)
Sept. 11, 2023 CA SB 314 Establishes an Independent Citizen's Redistricting Commission in Sacramento County Bill Passed - House (62 - 18)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/21 A 3690 Authorizes Minors to Vote in a State Primary Election if They Turn 18 Prior to the General Election Date Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 19)
12/13 SB 140 Authorizes the State Attorney General to Appoint a Special Prosecutor for South Eastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) Crimes Bill Passed - House (159 - 44)
12/13 H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
12/13 H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
12/12 HR 357 Ensuring Accountability in Agency Rulemaking Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
12/01 H Res 878 Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives Resolution Passed - House (311 - 114)
11/09 SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
11/09 SJR 78 Prohibits the Use of Private Funds to Pay for Election Equipment and Administration Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 35)
11/09 HB 351 Prohibits Officials Convicted of a Felony, Bribery, or Perjury While in Office from Holding Any Local or State Office in the Future Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 18)
11/09 SJR 71 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in Any State Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 34)
11/09 SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
11/09 SB 374 Requires Candidates for Public Office File Financial Disclosure Reports Before Assuming Office Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 SB 613 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Officials Bill Passed - House (59 - 49)
11/09 SB 570 Authorizes County Clerks to Appoint a Designee to Conduct Election Audits Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 SB 614 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Candidates for Public Office Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
11/09 SB 615 Establishes Exceptions for Expenditure Disclosure Requirements Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
11/09 SB 616 Prohibits Certain Candidate Expenditures and Disbursements Bill Passed - House (62 - 46)
11/09 HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 AB 493 Prohibits Counting Write-In Campaigns Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
11/09 AB 552 Establishes an Age Limit of 75 for State Judges Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
11/09 AB 298 Prohibits Cities or Counties from Closing More than Half of Their Polling Places 30 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (95 - 2)
11/08 SB 337 Amends and Modernizes Key Provisions Governing Michigan State Land Surveys Bill Passed - House (77 - 32)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
11/01 H Res 829 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for antisemitic activity, sympathizing with terrorist organizations, and leading an insurrection at the United States Capitol Complex. Resolution Tabled - House (222 - 186)
11/01 HR 4364 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
11/01 HB 4230 Repeals Restrictions on Public Employers Political Contribution Payroll Deduction Plans for Consenting Employees Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
11/01 HB 4234 Authorizes Automatic Payment Deductions for Political Action Committee (PAC) Contributions Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
10/18 SB 224 Amends the Date of the Upcoming State Presidential Primary to April 2, 2024 Bill Passed - House (104 - 99)
10/12 SB 470 Amends Election Laws Concerning Electronic Return of Absent Voter Ballots By Uniformed Service members Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
10/10 SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
10/10 SB 747 Amends Various State Election Laws and Policies Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 44)
10/04 HB 27 Appropriates Funding for State K-12 Public Education System Concurrence Vote Passed - House (106 - 97)
10/04 HB 4984 Authorizes Individuals the Option to Decline Voter Registration on a Driver's License Application Bill Passed - House (56 - 52)
10/04 HB 1456 Appropriates $45 Billion for the State Budget Bill Passed - House (115 - 88)
10/03 H Res 757 Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant. Bill Passed - House (216 - 210)
9/30 HR 5860 Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act Bill Passed - House (335 - 91)
9/27 HB 4568 Authorizes Motor Vehicle Hiring to Transport Voters to Polls Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/27 HB 4210 Authorizes Military Spouses and Dependents to Cast Ballots Electronically if They Are Overseas Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/27 HB 4567 Repeals the Challenge Ballot Requirement that Flagged Voters that Register on Election Day Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/27 HB 4570 Authorizes Voters to Apply for Mail-In Ballots Through an Online Application Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/22 HB 259 Appropriates $30 Billion for the 2023-2024 State Budget Conference Report Adopted - House (70 - 40)
9/21 SB 749 Amends Membership Makeup of Both the County and State Boards of Elections Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 44)
9/14 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
9/14 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Bill Passed - House (64 - 32)
9/13 AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
9/13 AB 1248 Requires Local Jurisdictions by 2030 Form Independent Redistricting Commissions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 16)
9/11 SB 447 Authorizes State and Public University Employees to Resume Travel to Previously Restricted States Bill Passed - House (64 - 12)
9/11 SB 314 Establishes an Independent Citizen's Redistricting Commission in Sacramento County Bill Passed - House (62 - 18)
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